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國(guo)家環境監管能力建設“十二五”規(gui)劃(hua)發布

投資四百(bai)億提升環境(jing)監管能力(li)

　　中國環(huan)(huan)境(jing)報(bao)訊環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保護部(bu)、國家(jia)發(fa)展(zhan)改(gai)革委、財(cai)政(zheng)部(bu)近日聯合印(yin)發(fa)《國家(jia)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)管能力建設“十二(er)五”規劃(hua)(hua)》（以下(xia)簡稱(cheng)《規劃(hua)(hua)》），以總(zong)量(liang)減(jian)排、質(zhi)量(liang)改(gai)善(shan)、風險(xian)防范、基(ji)礎完善(shan)為(wei)著力點，在環(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)測、監(jian)察、預(yu)警、應急、信息(xi)、評估、統計(ji)、科技、宣教等領域開(kai)展(zhan)能力建設，切實加強環(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)管能力。

　　《規(gui)劃》提出，環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)管是(shi)環境(jing)管理(li)的(de)重要組成部分，是(shi)實現(xian)環境(jing)保護目(mu)標(biao)的(de)重要保障，是(shi)推進(jin)環境(jing)基(ji)本公共服(fu)務均等化(hua)的(de)重要內容。圍繞環境(jing)保護“總量(liang)減排(pai)、質(zhi)量(liang)改善(shan)、風(feng)險防范、均衡發展”目(mu)標(biao)要求，在污染源與總量(liang)減排(pai)監(jian)(jian)管能(neng)力全面提高、環境(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)監(jian)(jian)測與評估考核(he)能(neng)力顯(xian)著提升、環境(jing)預警與應急能(neng)力系統(tong)加強、環境(jing)綜合(he)監(jian)(jian)督管理(li)基(ji)礎(chu)設(she)施(shi)基(ji)本完善(shan)等4個(ge)方面提出環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)管能(neng)力建(jian)設(she)的(de)目(mu)標(biao)。

　　《規劃》明(ming)確，到2015年，全(quan)(quan)(quan)國縣(xian)(xian)級(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境監(jian)(jian)察機構裝備(bei)(bei)達(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)(biao)率達(da)(da)到85%，地市(shi)(shi)級(ji)達(da)(da)到90%，省(sheng)級(ji)達(da)(da)到95%。機動(dong)車、污染源監(jian)(jian)管(guan)、科技支撐和(he)統計能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)顯(xian)著增強(qiang)。全(quan)(quan)(quan)國縣(xian)(xian)級(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境監(jian)(jian)測(ce)站基本設(she)備(bei)(bei)配(pei)置達(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)(biao)率達(da)(da)到90%，地市(shi)(shi)級(ji)站基本實現標(biao)(biao)(biao)準化，省(sheng)級(ji)站全(quan)(quan)(quan)部達(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)(biao)。中央本級(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境監(jian)(jian)測(ce)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)顯(xian)著加(jia)強(qiang)。重金(jin)屬、危險廢物、危險化學(xue)品、放(fang)射(she)性(xing)物質等(deng)污染事(shi)件防(fang)范水平顯(xian)著提高(gao)。地市(shi)(shi)級(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境監(jian)(jian)測(ce)站具(ju)備(bei)(bei)較強(qiang)的應急監(jian)(jian)測(ce)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)，省(sheng)級(ji)站基本具(ju)備(bei)(bei)預(yu)警監(jian)(jian)測(ce)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)。地市(shi)(shi)級(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境應急管(guan)理(li)機構二級(ji)達(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)(biao)率達(da)(da)70%以上，省(sheng)級(ji)機構二級(ji)達(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)(biao)率達(da)(da)到100%。國家(jia)、省(sheng)級(ji)輻(fu)射(she)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境監(jian)(jian)測(ce)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)達(da)(da)到標(biao)(biao)(biao)準化要求(qiu)，初步(bu)具(ju)備(bei)(bei)相(xiang)對獨立、較為完整的安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)分析評價、校核(he)計算和(he)實驗驗證能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)，核(he)與輻(fu)射(she)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)與核(he)事(shi)業發展同步(bu)提高(gao)。建成一批市(shi)(shi)、縣(xian)(xian)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)業務用房。建設(she)國家(jia)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境規劃與工程評估、華北環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)督查中心綜(zong)合業務用房與國家(jia)核(he)與輻(fu)射(she)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)技術(shu)研發基地，基本建成6個區(qu)域(yu)性(xing)核(he)與輻(fu)射(she)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)監(jian)(jian)督站業務用房。地市(shi)(shi)以上環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境信息與宣教機構設(she)備(bei)(bei)配(pei)置達(da)(da)到標(biao)(biao)(biao)準化要求(qiu)。

　　《規劃》要(yao)求，一是提升(sheng)污(wu)染源與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)總量(liang)減(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)水平。加(jia)強現場(chang)執法裝備配(pei)置，落(luo)實(shi)(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察執法能力(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)設(she)(she)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)驗(yan)收工作(zuo)；完(wan)(wan)善污(wu)染源自動(dong)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)網(wang)絡(luo)，落(luo)實(shi)(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)中(zhong)(zhong)心與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)重點行業(ye)(ye)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)；強化污(wu)染源監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)性(xing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)數據質量(liang)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)，促進(jin)自動(dong)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)數據應用(yong)；啟動(dong)機(ji)動(dong)車與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)農業(ye)(ye)面源環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)能力(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)設(she)(she)，拓展污(wu)染源監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)領域；加(jia)強環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)統(tong)計(ji)能力(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)設(she)(she)，提升(sheng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)統(tong)計(ji)對(dui)總量(liang)減(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)等(deng)重點工作(zuo)支撐能力(li)(li)(li)(li)；夯實(shi)(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)信息能力(li)(li)(li)(li)基(ji)礎，推進(jin)物聯網(wang)在污(wu)染減(jian)(jian)排(pai)(pai)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)應用(yong)。二是提高(gao)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質量(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)評估考核(he)能力(li)(li)(li)(li)。填平補齊，繼續推進(jin)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)標準化建(jian)設(she)(she)；提高(gao)空氣、揮發性(xing)有機(ji)物、重金(jin)屬(shu)等(deng)新增指標的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)能力(li)(li)(li)(li)；優化完(wan)(wan)善國家環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)網(wang)；利用(yong)衛(wei)星(xing)遙(yao)感和(he)(he)(he)地面監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)手段(duan)，開展生態環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質量(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)評價；完(wan)(wan)善環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質量(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)考核(he)體(ti)系(xi)，實(shi)(shi)施環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質量(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)考核(he)。三是加(jia)強環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)預(yu)警(jing)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)應急(ji)能力(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)設(she)(she)。提升(sheng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)風險(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)理(li)能力(li)(li)(li)(li)；加(jia)強核(he)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)輻射安全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)能力(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)設(she)(she)，形成相對(dui)獨立(li)、較為完(wan)(wan)整(zheng)的(de)核(he)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)輻射安全(quan)分析(xi)評價、校核(he)計(ji)算和(he)(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)驗(yan)證(zheng)能力(li)(li)(li)(li)；提高(gao)重金(jin)屬(shu)、危(wei)險(xian)(xian)廢物及危(wei)險(xian)(xian)化學品(pin)風險(xian)(xian)防范能力(li)(li)(li)(li)，實(shi)(shi)現對(dui)危(wei)險(xian)(xian)廢物和(he)(he)(he)危(wei)險(xian)(xian)化學品(pin)等(deng)處置、運輸和(he)(he)(he)轉移(yi)的(de)全(quan)面監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)；建(jian)設(she)(she)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)預(yu)警(jing)網(wang)絡(luo)，建(jian)立(li)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應急(ji)指揮系(xi)統(tong)和(he)(he)(he)平臺網(wang)絡(luo)，加(jia)強環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應急(ji)響(xiang)應能力(li)(li)(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)應急(ji)技術支撐能力(li)(li)(li)(li)。四是夯實(shi)(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)綜合監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)管(guan)(guan)理(li)基(ji)礎，推進(jin)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)綜合監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)管(guan)(guan)理(li)基(ji)礎體(ti)系(xi)建(jian)設(she)(she)。

　　《規劃》指出，結合四(si)大(da)領域任務，實(shi)施基礎、保障(zhang)、人(ren)才等三(san)大(da)工程，規劃總(zong)投資400億(yi)元。基礎工程包括環(huan)境監測、監察(cha)、應急、信息、評估、宣教等能力建(jian)設和(he)標(biao)準化(hua)建(jian)設、新增主要污(wu)染物監管(guan)能力建(jian)設等10項。保障(zhang)工程包括污(wu)染源(yuan)與總(zong)量減(jian)排監管(guan)運行(xing)保障(zhang)、環(huan)境監測與評估運行(xing)保障(zhang)等4項。人(ren)才工程包括環(huan)境監測、監察(cha)、應急、信息、評估、宣教等8項。全面提升環(huan)境監管(guan)能力，為實(shi)現“十(shi)二(er)五”環(huan)境保護目(mu)標(biao)、建(jian)設生態文明提供(gong)有力保障(zhang)。

　　為確保(bao)順(shun)利實(shi)(shi)施，《規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)》要求(qiu)，切實(shi)(shi)加強組織領(ling)導，全面推進規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)實(shi)(shi)施。統籌國家與(yu)地方環境(jing)保(bao)護規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)、各(ge)專項(xiang)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)與(yu)《規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)》的(de)(de)銜(xian)接、配套，建(jian)(jian)立并完善項(xiang)目(mu)庫(ku)，提高項(xiang)目(mu)儲備能力(li)(li)。明確中央與(yu)地方事(shi)權(quan)劃(hua)分，將環境(jing)監(jian)管(guan)能力(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設和運行(xing)費用(yong)納入各(ge)級財政(zheng)預算予以重點保(bao)障，確保(bao)資金(jin)到位。加強項(xiang)目(mu)資金(jin)監(jian)管(guan)，實(shi)(shi)施項(xiang)目(mu)績效評(ping)估(gu)，提高資金(jin)使用(yong)效益。加強環境(jing)監(jian)管(guan)人才(cai)隊伍建(jian)(jian)設，實(shi)(shi)施人才(cai)體制機制創新，提升人才(cai)發展(zhan)的(de)(de)基(ji)礎保(bao)障能力(li)(li)。建(jian)(jian)立健全規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)實(shi)(shi)施定(ding)期通報和評(ping)估(gu)制度，適時對規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)執(zhi)行(xing)情況進行(xing)期末評(ping)估(gu)。

 來源（中國環境報）