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國家(jia)環(huan)境監(jian)管能力建設“十(shi)二五”規(gui)劃發布

投資四百億提(ti)升環境(jing)監管能力

　　中國環境報訊(xun)環境保護部、國家發展改(gai)革委、財政部近日(ri)聯(lian)合印發《國家環境監管(guan)能(neng)力建設(she)“十二五”規(gui)劃(hua)》（以(yi)下(xia)簡稱《規(gui)劃(hua)》），以(yi)總量(liang)減排、質量(liang)改(gai)善(shan)、風險(xian)防范(fan)、基礎完善(shan)為著力點，在環境監測、監察、預警、應急、信息、評估、統計、科技、宣教等領域開展能(neng)力建設(she)，切實加強環境監管(guan)能(neng)力。

　　《規劃》提(ti)(ti)出(chu)，環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監管(guan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)管(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)組(zu)成部(bu)分，是(shi)(shi)(shi)實現環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護目標的(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)保(bao)障(zhang)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)推(tui)進環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)公共(gong)服務均等(deng)化的(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)內(nei)容。圍繞環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護“總(zong)量減排、質量改善、風險(xian)防范、均衡發展(zhan)”目標要(yao)(yao)求，在污染(ran)源與(yu)總(zong)量減排監管(guan)能(neng)力(li)全面提(ti)(ti)高、環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)質量監測與(yu)評估考(kao)核能(neng)力(li)顯著提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)、環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)預警與(yu)應急能(neng)力(li)系統(tong)加強、環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)綜合監督管(guan)理(li)基(ji)(ji)礎設施基(ji)(ji)本(ben)完善等(deng)4個方面提(ti)(ti)出(chu)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監管(guan)能(neng)力(li)建設的(de)(de)目標。

　　《規(gui)劃》明(ming)確，到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)2015年，全(quan)國(guo)(guo)縣(xian)(xian)級(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)察機構裝備(bei)(bei)達(da)(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)率(lv)達(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)85%，地(di)市(shi)級(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)90%，省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)95%。機動(dong)車、污染源監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)、科技(ji)支撐和(he)統(tong)計能(neng)力(li)顯(xian)著增強。全(quan)國(guo)(guo)縣(xian)(xian)級(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)站基(ji)本(ben)設備(bei)(bei)配(pei)置(zhi)達(da)(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)率(lv)達(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)90%，地(di)市(shi)級(ji)(ji)站基(ji)本(ben)實現標(biao)(biao)準化，省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)站全(quan)部達(da)(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)。中央本(ben)級(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)能(neng)力(li)顯(xian)著加強。重金屬、危險廢物、危險化學品、放射(she)性物質等污染事(shi)件(jian)防范水平顯(xian)著提高。地(di)市(shi)級(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)站具備(bei)(bei)較(jiao)強的應(ying)急監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)能(neng)力(li)，省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)站基(ji)本(ben)具備(bei)(bei)預警監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)能(neng)力(li)。地(di)市(shi)級(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)應(ying)急管(guan)理(li)機構二級(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)率(lv)達(da)(da)(da)70%以(yi)上(shang)，省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)機構二級(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)率(lv)達(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)100%。國(guo)(guo)家、省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)輻(fu)射(she)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)能(neng)力(li)達(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)標(biao)(biao)準化要(yao)求，初步具備(bei)(bei)相對獨立、較(jiao)為完(wan)整的安全(quan)分析評價、校核(he)計算和(he)實驗驗證能(neng)力(li)，核(he)與輻(fu)射(she)安全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)力(li)與核(he)事(shi)業發(fa)展同步提高。建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)一(yi)批市(shi)、縣(xian)(xian)環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)業務(wu)(wu)用房(fang)。建(jian)(jian)設國(guo)(guo)家環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)規(gui)劃與工程(cheng)評估、華北環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)督(du)查中心綜合業務(wu)(wu)用房(fang)與國(guo)(guo)家核(he)與輻(fu)射(she)安全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)技(ji)術研發(fa)基(ji)地(di)，基(ji)本(ben)建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)6個區域性核(he)與輻(fu)射(she)安全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)站業務(wu)(wu)用房(fang)。地(di)市(shi)以(yi)上(shang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)信(xin)息與宣教機構設備(bei)(bei)配(pei)置(zhi)達(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)標(biao)(biao)準化要(yao)求。

　　《規(gui)劃(hua)》要求(qiu)，一是(shi)提(ti)升污(wu)染源(yuan)與(yu)(yu)總(zong)量(liang)(liang)減排監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)水平。加強現(xian)場執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)裝備配(pei)置，落實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)與(yu)(yu)驗收工(gong)作；完(wan)善(shan)(shan)污(wu)染源(yuan)自動監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控網絡(luo)，落實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控中心與(yu)(yu)重(zhong)點行業(ye)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控；強化(hua)污(wu)染源(yuan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督性監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測與(yu)(yu)數據(ju)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)控制，促(cu)進(jin)(jin)自動監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控數據(ju)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用；啟動機(ji)動車與(yu)(yu)農業(ye)面源(yuan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)，拓(tuo)展(zhan)污(wu)染源(yuan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)領域；加強環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)統(tong)(tong)計能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)，提(ti)升環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)統(tong)(tong)計對總(zong)量(liang)(liang)減排等(deng)重(zhong)點工(gong)作支撐能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)；夯實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)信息能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)基礎(chu)，推(tui)進(jin)(jin)物(wu)(wu)聯網在污(wu)染減排中的(de)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用。二是(shi)提(ti)高(gao)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測與(yu)(yu)評(ping)(ping)估考核(he)(he)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)。填(tian)平補齊(qi)，繼續(xu)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測標準化(hua)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)；提(ti)高(gao)空氣(qi)、揮發性有機(ji)物(wu)(wu)、重(zhong)金屬等(deng)新增指(zhi)標的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)；優化(hua)完(wan)善(shan)(shan)國家環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測網；利(li)用衛星遙感和(he)地面監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測手段，開展(zhan)生態環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測評(ping)(ping)價(jia)；完(wan)善(shan)(shan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督考核(he)(he)體(ti)系(xi)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)施環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督考核(he)(he)。三是(shi)加強環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)預警與(yu)(yu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)。提(ti)升環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)風險(xian)管(guan)理(li)(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)；加強核(he)(he)與(yu)(yu)輻(fu)射(she)安全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)，形成相(xiang)對獨立、較為完(wan)整的(de)核(he)(he)與(yu)(yu)輻(fu)射(she)安全(quan)分析評(ping)(ping)價(jia)、校核(he)(he)計算和(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗驗證能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)；提(ti)高(gao)重(zhong)金屬、危(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)廢物(wu)(wu)及危(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)化(hua)學(xue)品風險(xian)防范能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)對危(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)廢物(wu)(wu)和(he)危(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)化(hua)學(xue)品等(deng)處置、運輸和(he)轉移的(de)全(quan)面監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)；建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)預警網絡(luo)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)指(zhi)揮系(xi)統(tong)(tong)和(he)平臺網絡(luo)，加強環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)響應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)和(he)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)技術支撐能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)。四是(shi)夯實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)綜合監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督管(guan)理(li)(li)基礎(chu)，推(tui)進(jin)(jin)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)綜合監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督管(guan)理(li)(li)基礎(chu)體(ti)系(xi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)。

　　《規劃》指出(chu)，結合四大領域任務(wu)，實施(shi)基(ji)礎(chu)、保障(zhang)、人才等(deng)三(san)大工程，規劃總(zong)投資400億元。基(ji)礎(chu)工程包(bao)括(kuo)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)測(ce)、監(jian)察(cha)(cha)、應急(ji)、信息(xi)(xi)、評估(gu)、宣教等(deng)能(neng)力(li)建(jian)設(she)和標準化建(jian)設(she)、新增主要(yao)污(wu)染物監(jian)管(guan)能(neng)力(li)建(jian)設(she)等(deng)10項(xiang)(xiang)。保障(zhang)工程包(bao)括(kuo)污(wu)染源(yuan)與總(zong)量減排(pai)監(jian)管(guan)運(yun)行(xing)保障(zhang)、環(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)測(ce)與評估(gu)運(yun)行(xing)保障(zhang)等(deng)4項(xiang)(xiang)。人才工程包(bao)括(kuo)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)測(ce)、監(jian)察(cha)(cha)、應急(ji)、信息(xi)(xi)、評估(gu)、宣教等(deng)8項(xiang)(xiang)。全面提升環(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)管(guan)能(neng)力(li)，為實現“十二五”環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保護目(mu)標、建(jian)設(she)生態(tai)文明提供有力(li)保障(zhang)。

　　為確(que)保(bao)(bao)順利實(shi)施(shi)(shi)，《規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)》要求(qiu)，切(qie)實(shi)加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)組(zu)織領導，全(quan)面推進規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)實(shi)施(shi)(shi)。統籌國家(jia)與地(di)方環(huan)(huan)境保(bao)(bao)護規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)、各專項(xiang)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)與《規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)》的(de)銜接、配套，建(jian)立并完善(shan)項(xiang)目庫，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)項(xiang)目儲備能(neng)力(li)(li)。明(ming)確(que)中央與地(di)方事權劃(hua)(hua)(hua)分(fen)，將環(huan)(huan)境監管(guan)能(neng)力(li)(li)建(jian)設和運(yun)行費用(yong)(yong)納(na)入(ru)各級財政(zheng)預(yu)算予(yu)以(yi)重點保(bao)(bao)障，確(que)保(bao)(bao)資金到位(wei)。加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)項(xiang)目資金監管(guan)，實(shi)施(shi)(shi)項(xiang)目績效評估(gu)，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)資金使用(yong)(yong)效益(yi)。加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)環(huan)(huan)境監管(guan)人(ren)才隊伍(wu)建(jian)設，實(shi)施(shi)(shi)人(ren)才體(ti)制(zhi)機(ji)制(zhi)創新，提(ti)升人(ren)才發(fa)展的(de)基礎(chu)保(bao)(bao)障能(neng)力(li)(li)。建(jian)立健全(quan)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)實(shi)施(shi)(shi)定期通報和評估(gu)制(zhi)度，適時對規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)執行情況進行期末評估(gu)。

 來源（中國環境報）