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國家環境(jing)監(jian)管能力建(jian)設“十二五”規劃發布

投(tou)資四(si)百(bai)億提升環(huan)境監管能力

　　中國環境(jing)(jing)報訊環境(jing)(jing)保護部(bu)、國家(jia)(jia)發展改革委、財(cai)政部(bu)近(jin)日聯合印發《國家(jia)(jia)環境(jing)(jing)監管能(neng)力建(jian)設“十二五”規劃》（以(yi)下簡(jian)稱《規劃》），以(yi)總(zong)量減排、質(zhi)量改善、風險(xian)防(fang)范(fan)、基礎完(wan)善為著力點，在(zai)環境(jing)(jing)監測(ce)、監察、預警、應急(ji)、信(xin)息(xi)、評(ping)估、統計、科技、宣教等(deng)領域開展能(neng)力建(jian)設，切實加強環境(jing)(jing)監管能(neng)力。

　　《規劃》提(ti)出(chu)，環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)是(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)管(guan)理(li)的重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)組成部分，是(shi)實現環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護目標(biao)的重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)保(bao)障，是(shi)推(tui)進環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)基本公共服務均(jun)等化的重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)內容(rong)。圍繞環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護“總量減排(pai)、質量改善、風險(xian)防范、均(jun)衡發(fa)展”目標(biao)要(yao)求(qiu)，在污染(ran)源與總量減排(pai)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)力(li)全面(mian)(mian)提(ti)高、環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)質量監(jian)(jian)(jian)測與評估考核能(neng)力(li)顯著提(ti)升、環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)預(yu)警與應急能(neng)力(li)系統加(jia)強、環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)綜(zong)合監(jian)(jian)(jian)督管(guan)理(li)基礎設施基本完善等4個方面(mian)(mian)提(ti)出(chu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)力(li)建設的目標(biao)。

　　《規(gui)劃》明(ming)確，到(dao)(dao)(dao)2015年，全(quan)國縣(xian)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)境監察機(ji)構(gou)裝備(bei)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)(biao)率達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)85%，地市(shi)(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)90%，省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)95%。機(ji)動車、污(wu)染源監管(guan)(guan)(guan)、科(ke)技支撐和(he)統計能(neng)力顯(xian)著(zhu)增強(qiang)。全(quan)國縣(xian)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)境監測站基本設(she)備(bei)配置達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)(biao)率達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)90%，地市(shi)(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)站基本實現標(biao)(biao)(biao)準化(hua)，省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)站全(quan)部達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)(biao)。中(zhong)央本級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)境監測能(neng)力顯(xian)著(zhu)加(jia)強(qiang)。重(zhong)金(jin)屬、危險廢物(wu)、危險化(hua)學品(pin)、放射性(xing)物(wu)質等污(wu)染事件防范水平顯(xian)著(zhu)提高(gao)。地市(shi)(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)境監測站具(ju)備(bei)較強(qiang)的應急監測能(neng)力，省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)站基本具(ju)備(bei)預警監測能(neng)力。地市(shi)(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)境應急管(guan)(guan)(guan)理機(ji)構(gou)二級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)(biao)率達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)70%以(yi)上(shang)，省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)機(ji)構(gou)二級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)(biao)率達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)100%。國家(jia)、省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)輻(fu)射環(huan)境監測能(neng)力達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準化(hua)要求(qiu)，初步(bu)具(ju)備(bei)相對獨立(li)、較為(wei)完整的安全(quan)分析(xi)評(ping)價、校核(he)計算和(he)實驗驗證能(neng)力，核(he)與輻(fu)射安全(quan)監管(guan)(guan)(guan)能(neng)力與核(he)事業發(fa)展同步(bu)提高(gao)。建成一批市(shi)(shi)、縣(xian)環(huan)保(bao)監管(guan)(guan)(guan)業務用(yong)房。建設(she)國家(jia)環(huan)境規(gui)劃與工(gong)程評(ping)估、華北環(huan)保(bao)督查(cha)中(zhong)心綜合(he)業務用(yong)房與國家(jia)核(he)與輻(fu)射安全(quan)監管(guan)(guan)(guan)技術研發(fa)基地，基本建成6個區(qu)域性(xing)核(he)與輻(fu)射安全(quan)監督站業務用(yong)房。地市(shi)(shi)以(yi)上(shang)環(huan)境信息與宣教機(ji)構(gou)設(she)備(bei)配置達(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準化(hua)要求(qiu)。

　　《規劃》要求(qiu)，一是提(ti)(ti)升污(wu)染(ran)源與總量(liang)減(jian)排監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管水平(ping)。加強(qiang)(qiang)現(xian)場執法裝備配(pei)置，落實(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)執法能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she)與驗收工作；完(wan)善(shan)污(wu)染(ran)源自動監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)網(wang)絡(luo)，落實(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)中(zhong)心(xin)與重點行業(ye)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)；強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)污(wu)染(ran)源監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督性監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)與數據(ju)質(zhi)量(liang)控(kong)制，促進(jin)自動監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)數據(ju)應(ying)用；啟動機(ji)動車與農業(ye)面源環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she)，拓展污(wu)染(ran)源監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管領域；加強(qiang)(qiang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)統計能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she)，提(ti)(ti)升環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)統計對總量(liang)減(jian)排等(deng)重點工作支撐(cheng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)；夯實(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)信息能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)基礎(chu)，推進(jin)物聯網(wang)在(zai)污(wu)染(ran)減(jian)排中(zhong)的(de)應(ying)用。二是提(ti)(ti)高環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)與評(ping)估考核(he)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)。填平(ping)補(bu)齊，繼續(xu)推進(jin)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)標準化(hua)(hua)建(jian)(jian)設(she)；提(ti)(ti)高空氣、揮(hui)(hui)發性有機(ji)物、重金屬等(deng)新(xin)增指標的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)；優化(hua)(hua)完(wan)善(shan)國家環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)網(wang)；利用衛(wei)星遙感和(he)(he)地(di)面監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)手段，開展生態環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)評(ping)價；完(wan)善(shan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督考核(he)體(ti)系(xi)，實(shi)施(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督考核(he)。三是加強(qiang)(qiang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)預(yu)警與應(ying)急能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she)。提(ti)(ti)升環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)風險(xian)管理能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)；加強(qiang)(qiang)核(he)與輻射安全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she)，形(xing)成相對獨立、較為(wei)完(wan)整的(de)核(he)與輻射安全(quan)分(fen)析評(ping)價、校核(he)計算和(he)(he)實(shi)驗驗證(zheng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)；提(ti)(ti)高重金屬、危險(xian)廢(fei)(fei)物及危險(xian)化(hua)(hua)學品(pin)(pin)風險(xian)防范能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)，實(shi)現(xian)對危險(xian)廢(fei)(fei)物和(he)(he)危險(xian)化(hua)(hua)學品(pin)(pin)等(deng)處置、運(yun)輸和(he)(he)轉移的(de)全(quan)面監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管；建(jian)(jian)設(she)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)預(yu)警網(wang)絡(luo)，建(jian)(jian)立環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)應(ying)急指揮(hui)(hui)系(xi)統和(he)(he)平(ping)臺網(wang)絡(luo)，加強(qiang)(qiang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)應(ying)急響應(ying)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)和(he)(he)應(ying)急技(ji)術支撐(cheng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)。四(si)是夯實(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)綜(zong)合監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督管理基礎(chu)，推進(jin)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)綜(zong)合監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督管理基礎(chu)體(ti)系(xi)建(jian)(jian)設(she)。

　　《規劃》指出，結(jie)合四大領域(yu)任務，實(shi)施(shi)基礎、保障(zhang)、人(ren)(ren)才(cai)等(deng)(deng)(deng)三大工(gong)(gong)程，規劃總(zong)投資400億元(yuan)。基礎工(gong)(gong)程包括環(huan)境監(jian)測、監(jian)察(cha)(cha)、應急、信息、評估、宣教等(deng)(deng)(deng)能(neng)力(li)建(jian)設和標(biao)準化建(jian)設、新(xin)增主要(yao)污染(ran)(ran)物(wu)監(jian)管能(neng)力(li)建(jian)設等(deng)(deng)(deng)10項。保障(zhang)工(gong)(gong)程包括污染(ran)(ran)源(yuan)與總(zong)量減排監(jian)管運(yun)行(xing)(xing)保障(zhang)、環(huan)境監(jian)測與評估運(yun)行(xing)(xing)保障(zhang)等(deng)(deng)(deng)4項。人(ren)(ren)才(cai)工(gong)(gong)程包括環(huan)境監(jian)測、監(jian)察(cha)(cha)、應急、信息、評估、宣教等(deng)(deng)(deng)8項。全面提升環(huan)境監(jian)管能(neng)力(li)，為實(shi)現“十二五(wu)”環(huan)境保護目標(biao)、建(jian)設生(sheng)態文(wen)明提供有力(li)保障(zhang)。

　　為確保(bao)順利(li)實(shi)施，《規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)》要求，切實(shi)加強(qiang)(qiang)組織領導(dao)，全面(mian)推進規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)實(shi)施。統籌國家與(yu)地方(fang)環境(jing)保(bao)護規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)、各專項規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)與(yu)《規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)》的銜接、配套，建立并完善(shan)項目(mu)(mu)庫，提高(gao)項目(mu)(mu)儲備(bei)能(neng)力。明確中央與(yu)地方(fang)事權劃(hua)分(fen)，將環境(jing)監管能(neng)力建設和(he)(he)運行(xing)費用納入各級財政(zheng)預(yu)算予以重點保(bao)障，確保(bao)資金(jin)到位(wei)。加強(qiang)(qiang)項目(mu)(mu)資金(jin)監管，實(shi)施項目(mu)(mu)績(ji)效(xiao)評(ping)估，提高(gao)資金(jin)使(shi)用效(xiao)益。加強(qiang)(qiang)環境(jing)監管人(ren)才隊伍建設，實(shi)施人(ren)才體制機制創新，提升人(ren)才發展的基礎(chu)保(bao)障能(neng)力。建立健全規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)實(shi)施定期通報和(he)(he)評(ping)估制度，適時對規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)執行(xing)情況進行(xing)期末評(ping)估。

 來源（中國環境報）