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關于推進環境監測服務社會化的指導意見

　　各省(sheng)、自治(zhi)區、直(zhi)轄市環境(jing)保護廳(局)，新疆生(sheng)產建設兵團環境(jing)保護局，解(jie)放軍環境(jing)保護局，遼(liao)河(he)保護區管理局：

　　為全面深化(hua)生態文明體制改革(ge)，根據《環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)保護法》和國(guo)務院辦公廳《關于政府向社(she)會力量購買服務的指(zhi)導意見》(國(guo)辦發〔2013〕96號)精神(shen)，引導社(she)會力量廣泛(fan)參與環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)，規范社(she)會環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)機構行為，促(cu)進環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)服務社(she)會化(hua)良(liang)性發展，現提出以(yi)下意見：

　　一、充分認識推進環境監測(ce)服務社會化(hua)的重(zhong)要意(yi)義(yi)

　　(一)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)服(fu)務社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)化是(shi)(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)(bao)體制(zhi)機制(zhi)改革創新的(de)重要(yao)內(nei)容。長(chang)期以來，我(wo)國實(shi)行的(de)是(shi)(shi)由政(zheng)府有關部門所屬環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)機構為主(zhu)開(kai)展(zhan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)活動的(de)單一管(guan)理體制(zhi)。在(zai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護領(ling)域日(ri)益(yi)擴大、環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)任(ren)務快(kuai)速增加和環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)管(guan)理要(yao)求不(bu)斷提高的(de)情況下(xia)，推進(jin)(jin)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)服(fu)務社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)化已(yi)迫在(zai)眉睫。一些地方已(yi)經開(kai)展(zhan)了實(shi)踐探索(suo)，出臺了相應的(de)管(guan)理辦法，許多社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)機構已(yi)經進(jin)(jin)入(ru)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)服(fu)務市(shi)場(chang)。環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)服(fu)務的(de)社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)化既是(shi)(shi)加快(kuai)政(zheng)府環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護職能(neng)轉(zhuan)變、提高公共(gong)(gong)服(fu)務質量(liang)和效率的(de)必然要(yao)求，也是(shi)(shi)理順環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護體制(zhi)機制(zhi)、探索(suo)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護新路的(de)現(xian)實(shi)需要(yao)。引導(dao)社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)機構進(jin)(jin)入(ru)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)的(de)主(zhu)戰場(chang)，提升政(zheng)府購買社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)服(fu)務水平，有利于整(zheng)合社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)資源，激發社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)機構活力，形(xing)成環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)(bao)系(xi)統環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)機構和社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)機構共(gong)(gong)同(tong)發展(zhan)的(de)新格局。

　　二、指導思想與基本原(yuan)則

　　(二)指導(dao)思想。以黨(dang)的(de)(de)十八大和十八屆三中、四(si)中全會精神為指導(dao)，強(qiang)化政府環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測公(gong)共(gong)服(fu)(fu)務職(zhi)能，加快轉變(bian)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測職(zhi)能，推進政事(shi)分開(kai)和政社分開(kai)，鼓勵引導(dao)社會環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測力量廣泛參(can)(can)與，創新(xin)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測公(gong)共(gong)服(fu)(fu)務供給模(mo)式(shi)，強(qiang)化環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測事(shi)中事(shi)后監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)，形成(cheng)以環(huan)保系統環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測機構為骨干、社會環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測力量共(gong)同參(can)(can)與的(de)(de)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測管(guan)理新(xin)體制。

　　(三)基本原則

　　——積極引導(dao)(dao)。堅持從實(shi)際出(chu)發，放寬準(zhun)入條件，充分(fen)發揮政府的主導(dao)(dao)作用和市場在資源配置中的決定性作用，激勵社會環境監(jian)測機(ji)構提供(gong)監(jian)測服務供(gong)給。

　　——加快培(pei)育。積(ji)極培(pei)育環(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)測服務市(shi)場，營造公(gong)平競爭的市(shi)場環(huan)(huan)境(jing)，有(you)序(xu)放開環(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)測服務業務領(ling)域，推動環(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)測服務社會化工(gong)作穩步開展(zhan)。

　　——規(gui)范管(guan)理。建立完善(shan)環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)測(ce)服務社會(hui)化(hua)管(guan)理規(gui)章制度，約束環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)測(ce)服務行為，促進社會(hui)環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)測(ce)機(ji)構不斷提高(gao)環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)測(ce)質量(liang)和管(guan)理水平(ping)。

　　——依法監(jian)督。強(qiang)化環境(jing)監(jian)測(ce)行為的(de)(de)事中(zhong)、事后監(jian)管，實施(shi)對社會環境(jing)監(jian)測(ce)機(ji)構及(ji)其監(jian)測(ce)服務(wu)行為的(de)(de)監(jian)督管理(li)，建(jian)立正常(chang)的(de)(de)退出機(ji)制，維護(hu)環境(jing)監(jian)測(ce)服務(wu)市場的(de)(de)正常(chang)秩序。

　　三、開(kai)放環境監測服(fu)務市場

　　(四(si))全(quan)面(mian)放開(kai)服務(wu)性監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)市場。凡適合社(she)會(hui)力(li)量承擔(dan)的(de)服務(wu)性環境監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)業(ye)務(wu)，要創造條(tiao)件，全(quan)面(mian)放開(kai)。鼓勵社(she)會(hui)環境監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)機構參與排污單位(wei)污染源自(zi)行監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)、環境損害評估(gu)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)、環境影響評價現狀監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)、清潔生產審(shen)核、企事業(ye)單位(wei)自(zi)主調查等(deng)環境監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)活動，推進環境監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)服務(wu)主體多元化和(he)服務(wu)方式多樣化。

　　(五(wu))有(you)序放(fang)開(kai)公(gong)(gong)益性、監(jian)(jian)(jian)督性監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)領域。各(ge)級環(huan)境(jing)保護行政(zheng)主管部(bu)門所屬(shu)環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)機構應認真做好(hao)所承擔的(de)政(zheng)府監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)職能，包括環(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)量監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)、預(yu)報(bao)預(yu)警、跨境(jing)水體監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)、履約(yue)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)、污染源(yuan)(yuan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督性監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)、突(tu)發環(huan)境(jing)事(shi)件應急(ji)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)，以及環(huan)境(jing)執法、環(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)量目標責(ze)任考核、排污費征(zheng)收、總量核算(suan)等環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管中的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)工(gong)作。同時(shi)，可以根據財(cai)政(zheng)部(bu)、民(min)政(zheng)部(bu)和(he)工(gong)商總局關于政(zheng)府購買服務(wu)的(de)總體要求，將社會(hui)環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)機構能夠承擔，又不影(ying)響(xiang)公(gong)(gong)平公(gong)(gong)正原(yuan)則的(de)相關業務(wu)，積極穩妥(tuo)、因地制宜地向社會(hui)環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)機構有(you)序放(fang)開(kai)，包括環(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)量自動監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)站和(he)污染源(yuan)(yuan)自動監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)設施的(de)運行維護、固體廢物和(he)危險廢物鑒(jian)別(bie)等監(jian)(jian)(jian)(檢)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)業務(wu)。

　　四(si)、扶持(chi)和規范社(she)會環(huan)境監測機構發展(zhan)

　　(六(liu))轉變(bian)管理方式(shi)。凡適(shi)合社會力量承擔的(de)，環境保(bao)護行(xing)政主管部門均可依據(ju)本行(xing)政區實際(ji)，選擇采取委托、承包、采購(gou)、名錄(lu)管理等方式(shi)交由社會力量承擔。同(tong)時，要加強對(dui)社會環境監(jian)(jian)測(ce)機構事中(zhong)和事后監(jian)(jian)管，會同(tong)相關部門共同(tong)出臺(tai)相關管理政策和辦法(fa)，推動(dong)環境監(jian)(jian)測(ce)服務社會化(hua)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)制(zhi)度化(hua)、體系化(hua)、規范化(hua)。

　　(七)扶持行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)。要充分(fen)發揮環(huan)境監(jian)(jian)(jian)測行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)協會(hui)(hui)(hui)或第三(san)方機構(gou)的(de)作用，強(qiang)化社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)環(huan)境監(jian)(jian)(jian)測機構(gou)的(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)管理，簽訂質量保證承諾，推動行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)自律。組織開展(zhan)社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)環(huan)境監(jian)(jian)(jian)測技術人(ren)員業(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)培訓、業(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)比武(wu)，評估(gu)社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)環(huan)境監(jian)(jian)(jian)測機構(gou)的(de)業(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)水(shui)平，促進環(huan)境監(jian)(jian)(jian)測服務(wu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)水(shui)平的(de)不(bu)斷提(ti)升(sheng)。

　　(八)加(jia)強誠(cheng)信(xin)建(jian)設。社(she)(she)會(hui)環境監測(ce)機構應對(dui)所(suo)提供監測(ce)數據的真實性(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)準確性(xing)負責，建(jian)立(li)健全質量保證和(he)(he)(he)(he)質量控(kong)制體系，嚴(yan)格執行國家和(he)(he)(he)(he)地方的法律法規、標準和(he)(he)(he)(he)技術(shu)規范(fan)，規范(fan)環境監測(ce)行為(wei)。加(jia)強技術(shu)人員培(pei)訓，鼓(gu)勵監測(ce)技術(shu)人員積極參加(jia)省級及以上環境保護行政主(zhu)(zhu)管部門(men)認可的業務培(pei)訓。主(zhu)(zhu)動公開信(xin)息，自覺接受社(she)(she)會(hui)公眾和(he)(he)(he)(he)環保部門(men)監督(du)，提高誠(cheng)信(xin)意識和(he)(he)(he)(he)服務水平。

　　五、依法監(jian)督環(huan)境監(jian)測服務行(xing)為(wei)

　　(九)完(wan)善(shan)(shan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)。省級環境保護行(xing)政主管部(bu)門應完(wan)善(shan)(shan)日常監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督檢查(cha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)，加強過程監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管和信(xin)息公開，定期(qi)和不定期(qi)地檢查(cha)社(she)會(hui)環境監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測質量，公布(bu)社(she)會(hui)環境監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)概況(kuang)和環境監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測服(fu)(fu)務(wu)行(xing)為監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督檢查(cha)結果，建(jian)立公示制(zhi)度(du)和退出機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)。完(wan)善(shan)(shan)社(she)會(hui)環境監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測服(fu)(fu)務(wu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)信(xin)用(yong)記錄，社(she)會(hui)環境監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)及其法(fa)定代表人(ren)(ren)在(zai)環境監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測服(fu)(fu)務(wu)活動(dong)中存在(zai)不規范(fan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測行(xing)為的(de)，環境保護行(xing)政主管部(bu)門應將相應機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)、法(fa)人(ren)(ren)、監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測技術(shu)人(ren)(ren)員的(de)違法(fa)信(xin)息記入社(she)會(hui)誠信(xin)檔案，并及時向社(she)會(hui)公布(bu)。

　　(十)強化責(ze)任(ren)追究。社會環(huan)境監(jian)測(ce)(ce)機(ji)構(gou)在(zai)有(you)關環(huan)境服(fu)務活(huo)動中(zhong)弄(nong)虛(xu)作假(jia)(jia)，對(dui)造成(cheng)(cheng)的環(huan)境污(wu)染(ran)和生態破壞負(fu)有(you)責(ze)任(ren)的，除(chu)依(yi)照有(you)關法(fa)律法(fa)規(gui)(gui)規(gui)(gui)定予以處罰外，還應(ying)當與(yu)造成(cheng)(cheng)環(huan)境污(wu)染(ran)和生態破壞的其他責(ze)任(ren)者承(cheng)擔連帶責(ze)任(ren)。對(dui)不符合監(jian)測(ce)(ce)規(gui)(gui)范、監(jian)測(ce)(ce)結果有(you)誤的，給予通報批評，限期(qi)整改;對(dui)于存在(zai)弄(nong)虛(xu)作假(jia)(jia)行為(wei)的或篡改偽造監(jian)測(ce)(ce)數(shu)據的，依(yi)法(fa)予以處罰，并列入(ru)黑名單，抄(chao)送質量技術監(jian)督主管部門(men);構(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)犯罪的，依(yi)法(fa)追究刑事責(ze)任(ren)。

　　環(huan)境保護部(bu)

　　2015年2月5日

　　抄送：國務院(yuan)辦公廳，環境保護部機(ji)關各部門、相(xiang)關直屬(shu)單(dan)位。

　　環境保(bao)護(hu)部辦公廳2015年2月5日印發