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國家環(huan)境監管能力建設(she)“十二五”規劃發布

投資四百億提升環境監管能力

　　中國環境(jing)(jing)報訊環境(jing)(jing)保護部(bu)、國家(jia)發(fa)展改(gai)(gai)革委、財政(zheng)部(bu)近日聯合印發(fa)《國家(jia)環境(jing)(jing)監管(guan)能力建設(she)(she)“十(shi)二五”規(gui)劃》（以下簡稱《規(gui)劃》），以總量(liang)減排(pai)、質量(liang)改(gai)(gai)善(shan)、風(feng)險(xian)防范(fan)、基礎完善(shan)為著力點，在(zai)環境(jing)(jing)監測、監察、預警(jing)、應急、信息、評(ping)估、統計、科技、宣(xuan)教等領(ling)域(yu)開展能力建設(she)(she)，切實加強環境(jing)(jing)監管(guan)能力。

　　《規劃》提出(chu)，環境(jing)(jing)監(jian)管是環境(jing)(jing)管理的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)組成部分，是實現環境(jing)(jing)保護(hu)目標(biao)的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)保障，是推進環境(jing)(jing)基(ji)本公共服務均等化的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)內(nei)容。圍繞(rao)環境(jing)(jing)保護(hu)“總量減(jian)排、質量改善(shan)(shan)、風險防范、均衡發展(zhan)”目標(biao)要(yao)(yao)求，在污染源與(yu)總量減(jian)排監(jian)管能(neng)(neng)力(li)全(quan)面提高、環境(jing)(jing)質量監(jian)測與(yu)評估考核能(neng)(neng)力(li)顯(xian)著提升、環境(jing)(jing)預警與(yu)應急(ji)能(neng)(neng)力(li)系統加強、環境(jing)(jing)綜合監(jian)督管理基(ji)礎設施基(ji)本完(wan)善(shan)(shan)等4個方(fang)面提出(chu)環境(jing)(jing)監(jian)管能(neng)(neng)力(li)建設的(de)目標(biao)。

　　《規(gui)劃》明確，到(dao)2015年(nian)，全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)縣(xian)級(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)察機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)裝備(bei)達(da)(da)(da)(da)標率(lv)(lv)達(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)85%，地(di)市級(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)90%，省級(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)95%。機(ji)(ji)(ji)動車、污染源監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)、科技支撐和統計能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)顯著(zhu)增強(qiang)。全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)縣(xian)級(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測站(zhan)基(ji)本設備(bei)配置達(da)(da)(da)(da)標率(lv)(lv)達(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)90%，地(di)市級(ji)站(zhan)基(ji)本實現(xian)標準化，省級(ji)站(zhan)全(quan)部達(da)(da)(da)(da)標。中(zhong)央本級(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)顯著(zhu)加強(qiang)。重金屬、危險廢物(wu)、危險化學品、放射性物(wu)質(zhi)等(deng)污染事(shi)件防范水平顯著(zhu)提高(gao)(gao)。地(di)市級(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測站(zhan)具備(bei)較(jiao)強(qiang)的應急監(jian)(jian)(jian)測能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)，省級(ji)站(zhan)基(ji)本具備(bei)預警監(jian)(jian)(jian)測能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)。地(di)市級(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)應急管(guan)理機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)二(er)級(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)標率(lv)(lv)達(da)(da)(da)(da)70%以上，省級(ji)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)二(er)級(ji)達(da)(da)(da)(da)標率(lv)(lv)達(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)100%。國(guo)(guo)(guo)家、省級(ji)輻(fu)射環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)達(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)標準化要求，初(chu)步具備(bei)相對獨(du)立、較(jiao)為完整的安全(quan)分析評(ping)價、校核計算和實驗驗證(zheng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)，核與(yu)(yu)輻(fu)射安全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)與(yu)(yu)核事(shi)業發(fa)展同(tong)步提高(gao)(gao)。建成一批市、縣(xian)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)業務(wu)(wu)用(yong)房。建設國(guo)(guo)(guo)家環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)規(gui)劃與(yu)(yu)工程評(ping)估、華北環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)督查中(zhong)心(xin)綜合(he)業務(wu)(wu)用(yong)房與(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家核與(yu)(yu)輻(fu)射安全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)技術(shu)研(yan)發(fa)基(ji)地(di)，基(ji)本建成6個區域性核與(yu)(yu)輻(fu)射安全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督站(zhan)業務(wu)(wu)用(yong)房。地(di)市以上環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)信(xin)息與(yu)(yu)宣(xuan)教(jiao)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)設備(bei)配置達(da)(da)(da)(da)到(dao)標準化要求。

　　《規劃》要求，一(yi)是(shi)(shi)提(ti)升污染源與(yu)總量減排監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)水平(ping)。加強現場執(zhi)法(fa)裝備配(pei)置(zhi)，落(luo)實(shi)(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察執(zhi)法(fa)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)與(yu)驗收工(gong)作；完善(shan)(shan)污染源自動(dong)(dong)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控網絡，落(luo)實(shi)(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控中心與(yu)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點行業監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控；強化(hua)污染源監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)性(xing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測與(yu)數(shu)據質(zhi)(zhi)量控制，促進(jin)自動(dong)(dong)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控數(shu)據應(ying)用(yong)(yong)；啟動(dong)(dong)機動(dong)(dong)車與(yu)農業面(mian)源環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)，拓展污染源監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)領域；加強環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)統計(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)，提(ti)升環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)統計(ji)(ji)對總量減排等重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點工(gong)作支(zhi)撐能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)；夯實(shi)(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)信(xin)息能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)基礎，推(tui)進(jin)物(wu)聯網在污染減排中的(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)。二是(shi)(shi)提(ti)高環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測與(yu)評估考核能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)。填(tian)平(ping)補齊(qi)，繼續推(tui)進(jin)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測標(biao)準化(hua)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)；提(ti)高空氣(qi)、揮(hui)發性(xing)有機物(wu)、重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)金屬(shu)等新增指標(biao)的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)；優(you)化(hua)完善(shan)(shan)國家環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測網；利用(yong)(yong)衛(wei)星遙(yao)感和(he)地面(mian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測手(shou)段，開展生態環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測評價(jia)；完善(shan)(shan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)考核體(ti)系(xi)，實(shi)(shi)施環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)考核。三是(shi)(shi)加強環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)預警(jing)與(yu)應(ying)急能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)。提(ti)升環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)風險管(guan)理(li)(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)；加強核與(yu)輻射安全監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)，形成相對獨立、較為(wei)完整(zheng)的(de)核與(yu)輻射安全分析評價(jia)、校核計(ji)(ji)算和(he)實(shi)(shi)驗驗證能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)；提(ti)高重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)金屬(shu)、危(wei)險廢物(wu)及危(wei)險化(hua)學品風險防(fang)范能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)，實(shi)(shi)現對危(wei)險廢物(wu)和(he)危(wei)險化(hua)學品等處置(zhi)、運輸和(he)轉移的(de)全面(mian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)；建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)預警(jing)網絡，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)應(ying)急指揮(hui)系(xi)統和(he)平(ping)臺網絡，加強環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)應(ying)急響應(ying)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)和(he)應(ying)急技術支(zhi)撐能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)。四是(shi)(shi)夯實(shi)(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)綜合(he)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)管(guan)理(li)(li)基礎，推(tui)進(jin)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)綜合(he)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)管(guan)理(li)(li)基礎體(ti)系(xi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)。

　　《規劃》指出，結合四大領(ling)域任(ren)務，實(shi)施(shi)基(ji)礎(chu)、保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)、人才等三(san)大工(gong)程(cheng)，規劃總投資400億(yi)元。基(ji)礎(chu)工(gong)程(cheng)包括環(huan)境監(jian)測、監(jian)察、應(ying)急、信(xin)息、評(ping)估、宣教(jiao)等能力(li)建設(she)和標準化建設(she)、新增主要污染(ran)物監(jian)管能力(li)建設(she)等10項(xiang)。保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)工(gong)程(cheng)包括污染(ran)源與(yu)總量減排監(jian)管運(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)、環(huan)境監(jian)測與(yu)評(ping)估運(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)等4項(xiang)。人才工(gong)程(cheng)包括環(huan)境監(jian)測、監(jian)察、應(ying)急、信(xin)息、評(ping)估、宣教(jiao)等8項(xiang)。全面提升(sheng)環(huan)境監(jian)管能力(li)，為(wei)實(shi)現“十二五”環(huan)境保(bao)護目標、建設(she)生態文明提供有力(li)保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)。

　　為確保順利(li)實施(shi)，《規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)》要求，切實加(jia)強(qiang)組織(zhi)領導，全(quan)面推進規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)實施(shi)。統籌國(guo)家與地方(fang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)保護規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)、各(ge)專項規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)與《規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)》的銜接、配套，建立并完(wan)善(shan)項目庫(ku)，提高項目儲備能(neng)(neng)(neng)力。明確中(zhong)央與地方(fang)事權劃(hua)分，將環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)管(guan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力建設和(he)運(yun)行費用納入各(ge)級財(cai)政預(yu)算予以(yi)重點保障(zhang)，確保資(zi)金到位。加(jia)強(qiang)項目資(zi)金監(jian)管(guan)，實施(shi)項目績效(xiao)評(ping)估，提高資(zi)金使(shi)用效(xiao)益。加(jia)強(qiang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)管(guan)人(ren)才(cai)隊伍建設，實施(shi)人(ren)才(cai)體制(zhi)機制(zhi)創新，提升人(ren)才(cai)發展的基(ji)礎保障(zhang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力。建立健全(quan)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)實施(shi)定(ding)期通報和(he)評(ping)估制(zhi)度(du)，適時對規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)執行情況進行期末評(ping)估。

 來源（中國環境報）