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國(guo)家環境(jing)監(jian)管能力建設“十(shi)二五”規劃發布

投資四百億提升環境監管能力(li)

　　中國(guo)環境(jing)(jing)報訊環境(jing)(jing)保護部、國(guo)家發(fa)(fa)展改革(ge)委、財政部近日(ri)聯合(he)印(yin)發(fa)(fa)《國(guo)家環境(jing)(jing)監(jian)管能(neng)力(li)(li)建設(she)“十二五”規劃(hua)》（以下簡(jian)稱《規劃(hua)》），以總量(liang)減排(pai)、質量(liang)改善、風(feng)險防范、基礎(chu)完善為著力(li)(li)點，在環境(jing)(jing)監(jian)測、監(jian)察、預警(jing)、應急、信息、評(ping)估、統計、科技(ji)、宣教(jiao)等領(ling)域開展能(neng)力(li)(li)建設(she)，切實加(jia)強環境(jing)(jing)監(jian)管能(neng)力(li)(li)。

　　《規劃》提出(chu)，環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監管是環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)管理的(de)重要(yao)組成部分(fen)，是實現環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保護目標(biao)的(de)重要(yao)保障，是推進(jin)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)基(ji)本(ben)公(gong)共服務均(jun)(jun)等化(hua)的(de)重要(yao)內容(rong)。圍繞(rao)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保護“總(zong)量減排(pai)、質量改善(shan)、風險防范、均(jun)(jun)衡(heng)發展”目標(biao)要(yao)求，在污染源與總(zong)量減排(pai)監管能(neng)力(li)全面(mian)提高、環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質量監測與評估(gu)考(kao)核能(neng)力(li)顯著提升、環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)預警與應(ying)急能(neng)力(li)系(xi)統加強、環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)綜合監督管理基(ji)礎設施(shi)基(ji)本(ben)完(wan)善(shan)等4個方面(mian)提出(chu)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監管能(neng)力(li)建(jian)設的(de)目標(biao)。

　　《規劃》明確，到(dao)2015年，全(quan)國(guo)縣(xian)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察機構(gou)裝備(bei)(bei)達(da)(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)率達(da)(da)(da)到(dao)85%，地(di)市(shi)(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)到(dao)90%，省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)到(dao)95%。機動車(che)、污(wu)染(ran)源監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管、科技支撐和(he)統計能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)顯著增強(qiang)。全(quan)國(guo)縣(xian)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測站(zhan)(zhan)基(ji)本(ben)(ben)設備(bei)(bei)配置達(da)(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)率達(da)(da)(da)到(dao)90%，地(di)市(shi)(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)基(ji)本(ben)(ben)實現標(biao)(biao)準化(hua)，省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)部(bu)達(da)(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)。中(zhong)央本(ben)(ben)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)顯著加強(qiang)。重金屬、危險廢物、危險化(hua)學品、放(fang)射性物質等污(wu)染(ran)事(shi)件防范(fan)水平(ping)顯著提高(gao)(gao)。地(di)市(shi)(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測站(zhan)(zhan)具(ju)備(bei)(bei)較強(qiang)的應(ying)急監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)，省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)基(ji)本(ben)(ben)具(ju)備(bei)(bei)預警監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)。地(di)市(shi)(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)應(ying)急管理(li)機構(gou)二(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)率達(da)(da)(da)70%以上(shang)(shang)，省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)機構(gou)二(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)率達(da)(da)(da)到(dao)100%。國(guo)家(jia)、省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)輻(fu)射環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)達(da)(da)(da)到(dao)標(biao)(biao)準化(hua)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，初步具(ju)備(bei)(bei)相對獨立、較為完整的安(an)全(quan)分(fen)析評價、校核(he)(he)計算和(he)實驗驗證能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)，核(he)(he)與(yu)(yu)輻(fu)射安(an)全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)與(yu)(yu)核(he)(he)事(shi)業發展同步提高(gao)(gao)。建(jian)(jian)成一批市(shi)(shi)、縣(xian)環(huan)(huan)(huan)保監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管業務(wu)用(yong)(yong)房(fang)。建(jian)(jian)設國(guo)家(jia)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)規劃與(yu)(yu)工程評估、華北環(huan)(huan)(huan)保督查中(zhong)心(xin)綜合業務(wu)用(yong)(yong)房(fang)與(yu)(yu)國(guo)家(jia)核(he)(he)與(yu)(yu)輻(fu)射安(an)全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管技術研(yan)發基(ji)地(di)，基(ji)本(ben)(ben)建(jian)(jian)成6個區(qu)域性核(he)(he)與(yu)(yu)輻(fu)射安(an)全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督站(zhan)(zhan)業務(wu)用(yong)(yong)房(fang)。地(di)市(shi)(shi)以上(shang)(shang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)信(xin)息(xi)與(yu)(yu)宣教機構(gou)設備(bei)(bei)配置達(da)(da)(da)到(dao)標(biao)(biao)準化(hua)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。

　　《規劃》要(yao)求，一(yi)是提升(sheng)污(wu)(wu)染源與(yu)(yu)總量減排監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)水平(ping)。加強(qiang)現場(chang)執法(fa)裝備配置，落實(shi)(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察執法(fa)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)與(yu)(yu)驗收工作；完善(shan)污(wu)(wu)染源自(zi)動(dong)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)網(wang)(wang)絡，落實(shi)(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)中(zhong)心與(yu)(yu)重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)行業(ye)(ye)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)；強(qiang)化污(wu)(wu)染源監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督性(xing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)與(yu)(yu)數據(ju)質(zhi)(zhi)量控(kong)(kong)制，促進(jin)(jin)自(zi)動(dong)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)數據(ju)應(ying)用；啟動(dong)機(ji)動(dong)車與(yu)(yu)農業(ye)(ye)面源環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)，拓展污(wu)(wu)染源監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)領域；加強(qiang)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)統計能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)，提升(sheng)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)統計對(dui)總量減排等(deng)(deng)重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)工作支撐能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)；夯(hang)實(shi)(shi)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)信(xin)息能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)基(ji)礎，推進(jin)(jin)物(wu)(wu)聯網(wang)(wang)在污(wu)(wu)染減排中(zhong)的(de)(de)應(ying)用。二是提高環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)與(yu)(yu)評(ping)估(gu)考(kao)核(he)(he)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)。填(tian)平(ping)補齊，繼續推進(jin)(jin)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)標準化建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)；提高空氣(qi)、揮(hui)發(fa)性(xing)有機(ji)物(wu)(wu)、重(zhong)金屬等(deng)(deng)新增指標的(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)；優化完善(shan)國家環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)網(wang)(wang)；利(li)用衛星遙感和地面監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)手(shou)段，開(kai)展生態環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)評(ping)價；完善(shan)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督考(kao)核(he)(he)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)，實(shi)(shi)施環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督考(kao)核(he)(he)。三是加強(qiang)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)預警與(yu)(yu)應(ying)急能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)。提升(sheng)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)風險管(guan)(guan)理(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)；加強(qiang)核(he)(he)與(yu)(yu)輻射(she)安全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)，形成相(xiang)對(dui)獨(du)立(li)、較為完整的(de)(de)核(he)(he)與(yu)(yu)輻射(she)安全(quan)分析評(ping)價、校核(he)(he)計算和實(shi)(shi)驗驗證能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)；提高重(zhong)金屬、危(wei)(wei)險廢物(wu)(wu)及危(wei)(wei)險化學(xue)品(pin)風險防范能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)，實(shi)(shi)現對(dui)危(wei)(wei)險廢物(wu)(wu)和危(wei)(wei)險化學(xue)品(pin)等(deng)(deng)處置、運輸和轉移的(de)(de)全(quan)面監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)；建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)預警網(wang)(wang)絡，建(jian)(jian)立(li)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)急指揮(hui)系(xi)(xi)統和平(ping)臺(tai)網(wang)(wang)絡，加強(qiang)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)急響應(ying)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)和應(ying)急技術支撐能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)。四(si)是夯(hang)實(shi)(shi)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)綜合(he)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督管(guan)(guan)理(li)基(ji)礎，推進(jin)(jin)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)綜合(he)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督管(guan)(guan)理(li)基(ji)礎體(ti)系(xi)(xi)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)。

　　《規劃(hua)》指出(chu)，結(jie)合四大(da)領域任務(wu)，實施基礎、保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)、人才等(deng)三(san)大(da)工程(cheng)，規劃(hua)總投資400億元。基礎工程(cheng)包括(kuo)(kuo)環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)、監(jian)(jian)察、應急(ji)、信(xin)(xin)息(xi)、評(ping)估(gu)、宣(xuan)教(jiao)等(deng)能(neng)力(li)建(jian)設(she)和標準化建(jian)設(she)、新增主要污染物監(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)力(li)建(jian)設(she)等(deng)10項(xiang)。保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)工程(cheng)包括(kuo)(kuo)污染源(yuan)與(yu)總量減排監(jian)(jian)管(guan)運行(xing)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)、環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)與(yu)評(ping)估(gu)運行(xing)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)等(deng)4項(xiang)。人才工程(cheng)包括(kuo)(kuo)環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)、監(jian)(jian)察、應急(ji)、信(xin)(xin)息(xi)、評(ping)估(gu)、宣(xuan)教(jiao)等(deng)8項(xiang)。全(quan)面提升環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)力(li)，為實現“十二(er)五”環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護目(mu)標、建(jian)設(she)生態文明提供(gong)有力(li)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)。

　　為確保順利實施，《規(gui)劃(hua)》要求(qiu)，切實加強(qiang)組織領導，全(quan)面推進規(gui)劃(hua)實施。統(tong)籌國家與地方(fang)(fang)環(huan)境(jing)保護規(gui)劃(hua)、各(ge)專項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)規(gui)劃(hua)與《規(gui)劃(hua)》的銜接、配套，建立(li)并完善項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)庫，提(ti)高項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)儲備能力(li)。明確中央與地方(fang)(fang)事權劃(hua)分(fen)，將環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)能力(li)建設(she)(she)和運行(xing)費用納入各(ge)級(ji)財政預算予以(yi)重點保障(zhang)(zhang)，確保資(zi)(zi)金(jin)到(dao)位(wei)。加強(qiang)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)，實施項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)績效評估(gu)，提(ti)高資(zi)(zi)金(jin)使用效益。加強(qiang)環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)人才隊伍建設(she)(she)，實施人才體制機制創(chuang)新(xin)，提(ti)升(sheng)人才發展的基(ji)礎保障(zhang)(zhang)能力(li)。建立(li)健全(quan)規(gui)劃(hua)實施定期(qi)通報和評估(gu)制度，適(shi)時對規(gui)劃(hua)執行(xing)情況進行(xing)期(qi)末評估(gu)。

 來源（中國環境報）