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國家環境(jing)監管能力建設“十二五(wu)”規劃發(fa)布

投資四百億提升環境監管能(neng)力

　　中國(guo)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)報訊(xun)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保護(hu)部、國(guo)家發(fa)展改革(ge)委、財政部近日聯(lian)合印發(fa)《國(guo)家環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)管能(neng)力(li)(li)建設“十二(er)五”規(gui)劃(hua)》（以(yi)下簡稱《規(gui)劃(hua)》），以(yi)總量減排、質(zhi)量改善(shan)、風險防范、基礎(chu)完善(shan)為著(zhu)力(li)(li)點，在環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)測(ce)、監(jian)察、預(yu)警、應急、信息(xi)、評估、統計(ji)、科技(ji)、宣教(jiao)等領(ling)域開(kai)展能(neng)力(li)(li)建設，切(qie)實加強環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)管能(neng)力(li)(li)。

　　《規劃(hua)》提(ti)出，環境監管(guan)是環境管(guan)理的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)組成部分，是實現環境保(bao)護(hu)目標(biao)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)保(bao)障，是推(tui)進(jin)環境基(ji)本(ben)公共服務(wu)均(jun)等(deng)化(hua)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)內(nei)容(rong)。圍繞環境保(bao)護(hu)“總量減排、質(zhi)(zhi)量改善、風(feng)險防范(fan)、均(jun)衡發展(zhan)”目標(biao)要(yao)求，在污染源與總量減排監管(guan)能力全面(mian)提(ti)高、環境質(zhi)(zhi)量監測與評估考核能力顯著提(ti)升、環境預警與應急能力系統加強、環境綜(zong)合監督管(guan)理基(ji)礎設(she)施基(ji)本(ben)完善等(deng)4個方面(mian)提(ti)出環境監管(guan)能力建設(she)的(de)(de)目標(biao)。

　　《規(gui)劃》明確，到(dao)(dao)2015年，全國縣級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)察機(ji)構(gou)裝備(bei)(bei)達(da)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)率(lv)(lv)達(da)到(dao)(dao)85%，地(di)市(shi)(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)到(dao)(dao)90%，省級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)到(dao)(dao)95%。機(ji)動(dong)車(che)、污染(ran)源監(jian)管(guan)(guan)、科(ke)技(ji)支撐和(he)(he)統計能(neng)力(li)(li)顯著(zhu)(zhu)增強(qiang)。全國縣級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)站(zhan)(zhan)基本(ben)設備(bei)(bei)配置(zhi)達(da)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)率(lv)(lv)達(da)到(dao)(dao)90%，地(di)市(shi)(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)基本(ben)實現標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準化(hua)，省級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)全部達(da)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)。中央本(ben)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)能(neng)力(li)(li)顯著(zhu)(zhu)加強(qiang)。重金屬、危險(xian)廢物、危險(xian)化(hua)學品、放射(she)性(xing)物質等(deng)污染(ran)事(shi)件防范水平(ping)顯著(zhu)(zhu)提(ti)高(gao)。地(di)市(shi)(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)站(zhan)(zhan)具(ju)備(bei)(bei)較(jiao)強(qiang)的應急(ji)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)能(neng)力(li)(li)，省級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)站(zhan)(zhan)基本(ben)具(ju)備(bei)(bei)預警監(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)能(neng)力(li)(li)。地(di)市(shi)(shi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)應急(ji)管(guan)(guan)理機(ji)構(gou)二(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)率(lv)(lv)達(da)70%以(yi)(yi)上(shang)，省級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)機(ji)構(gou)二(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)率(lv)(lv)達(da)到(dao)(dao)100%。國家(jia)、省級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)輻射(she)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)能(neng)力(li)(li)達(da)到(dao)(dao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準化(hua)要求(qiu)，初步(bu)具(ju)備(bei)(bei)相對獨立、較(jiao)為完整的安全分析評(ping)價、校核(he)(he)(he)計算和(he)(he)實驗(yan)驗(yan)證能(neng)力(li)(li)，核(he)(he)(he)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)輻射(she)安全監(jian)管(guan)(guan)能(neng)力(li)(li)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)核(he)(he)(he)事(shi)業(ye)發(fa)展同步(bu)提(ti)高(gao)。建(jian)成(cheng)一(yi)批市(shi)(shi)、縣環(huan)(huan)(huan)保監(jian)管(guan)(guan)業(ye)務(wu)(wu)用房(fang)(fang)。建(jian)設國家(jia)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)規(gui)劃與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)工程評(ping)估、華(hua)北環(huan)(huan)(huan)保督(du)查(cha)中心綜合業(ye)務(wu)(wu)用房(fang)(fang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)國家(jia)核(he)(he)(he)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)輻射(she)安全監(jian)管(guan)(guan)技(ji)術研發(fa)基地(di)，基本(ben)建(jian)成(cheng)6個區域性(xing)核(he)(he)(he)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)輻射(she)安全監(jian)督(du)站(zhan)(zhan)業(ye)務(wu)(wu)用房(fang)(fang)。地(di)市(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)信息與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)宣教機(ji)構(gou)設備(bei)(bei)配置(zhi)達(da)到(dao)(dao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準化(hua)要求(qiu)。

　　《規劃》要(yao)求，一(yi)是(shi)提(ti)升(sheng)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)(yuan)與(yu)總量減排監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管水平(ping)。加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)現(xian)場執法(fa)裝備(bei)配置，落實(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)執法(fa)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)與(yu)驗收工(gong)作(zuo)；完善污(wu)(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)(yuan)自動監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)網絡，落實(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)中(zhong)心與(yu)重(zhong)(zhong)點行(xing)業(ye)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)；強(qiang)(qiang)化污(wu)(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)(yuan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督性監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)與(yu)數據質(zhi)量控(kong)制(zhi)，促進(jin)自動監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)數據應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)；啟動機動車與(yu)農業(ye)面(mian)源(yuan)(yuan)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)，拓展污(wu)(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)(yuan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管領域；加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)統計(ji)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)，提(ti)升(sheng)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)統計(ji)對總量減排等(deng)重(zhong)(zhong)點工(gong)作(zuo)支(zhi)撐(cheng)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)；夯實(shi)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)信息能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)基(ji)礎，推進(jin)物聯網在污(wu)(wu)染(ran)減排中(zhong)的(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)。二是(shi)提(ti)高環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)與(yu)評(ping)(ping)估(gu)考核(he)(he)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)。填平(ping)補齊，繼(ji)續(xu)推進(jin)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)標準(zhun)化建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)；提(ti)高空氣(qi)、揮發性有機物、重(zhong)(zhong)金屬(shu)等(deng)新(xin)增指標的(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)；優化完善國(guo)家(jia)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)網；利(li)用(yong)衛星遙感和(he)地面(mian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)手(shou)段，開展生(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)評(ping)(ping)價；完善環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督考核(he)(he)體(ti)系，實(shi)施(shi)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督考核(he)(he)。三是(shi)加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)預警與(yu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)。提(ti)升(sheng)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)風險(xian)(xian)(xian)管理(li)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)；加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)核(he)(he)與(yu)輻(fu)射安全(quan)(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)，形成(cheng)相對獨(du)立、較為(wei)完整的(de)(de)核(he)(he)與(yu)輻(fu)射安全(quan)(quan)分析評(ping)(ping)價、校核(he)(he)計(ji)算和(he)實(shi)驗驗證(zheng)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)；提(ti)高重(zhong)(zhong)金屬(shu)、危險(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)物及危險(xian)(xian)(xian)化學品風險(xian)(xian)(xian)防范能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)，實(shi)現(xian)對危險(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)物和(he)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)化學品等(deng)處置、運輸(shu)和(he)轉移的(de)(de)全(quan)(quan)面(mian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管；建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)預警網絡，建(jian)(jian)(jian)立環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)指揮系統和(he)平(ping)臺網絡，加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)響(xiang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)和(he)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)技術支(zhi)撐(cheng)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)。四(si)是(shi)夯實(shi)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)綜合(he)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督管理(li)基(ji)礎，推進(jin)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)綜合(he)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督管理(li)基(ji)礎體(ti)系建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)。

　　《規(gui)劃》指出，結合四大領(ling)域(yu)任務(wu)，實施基(ji)礎、保(bao)障(zhang)、人(ren)才(cai)等三大工(gong)程，規(gui)劃總投資400億元。基(ji)礎工(gong)程包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)環境監測(ce)、監察、應急、信息、評估(gu)、宣教等能力建設(she)和標(biao)準化建設(she)、新(xin)增主(zhu)要污染物監管能力建設(she)等10項(xiang)。保(bao)障(zhang)工(gong)程包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)污染源與總量減排監管運行保(bao)障(zhang)、環境監測(ce)與評估(gu)運行保(bao)障(zhang)等4項(xiang)。人(ren)才(cai)工(gong)程包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)環境監測(ce)、監察、應急、信息、評估(gu)、宣教等8項(xiang)。全(quan)面提(ti)升(sheng)環境監管能力，為實現“十二五”環境保(bao)護目標(biao)、建設(she)生態文明提(ti)供有力保(bao)障(zhang)。

　　為(wei)確保順利實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)，《規劃(hua)(hua)》要求，切(qie)實(shi)(shi)加強組織領導，全(quan)面推進(jin)規劃(hua)(hua)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)。統(tong)籌國家與地方(fang)環境(jing)(jing)保護規劃(hua)(hua)、各(ge)專項規劃(hua)(hua)與《規劃(hua)(hua)》的(de)銜接、配套(tao)，建立并(bing)完善項目(mu)庫，提高項目(mu)儲備能力。明確中央與地方(fang)事(shi)權劃(hua)(hua)分，將環境(jing)(jing)監(jian)管能力建設和運行(xing)費用納入各(ge)級財(cai)政預算予(yu)以(yi)重點保障(zhang)，確保資(zi)(zi)金(jin)到位。加強項目(mu)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)監(jian)管，實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)項目(mu)績效評估，提高資(zi)(zi)金(jin)使(shi)用效益(yi)。加強環境(jing)(jing)監(jian)管人(ren)才隊伍建設，實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)人(ren)才體制機制創新(xin)，提升(sheng)人(ren)才發(fa)展的(de)基礎保障(zhang)能力。建立健全(quan)規劃(hua)(hua)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)定期(qi)通報和評估制度，適時對規劃(hua)(hua)執行(xing)情況進(jin)行(xing)期(qi)末評估。

 來源（中國環境報）